Top 10 COVID-19 Vaccines

VACCINES AND IMMUNIZATION

Part-02

This is the second part of my vaccine and immunization series. In part one, there will be lots of things about vaccines and immunization. If you didn't read it, please read it first.  

https://mynettop10.blogspot.com/2021/02/vaccines-and-immunization-what-is.html

In this part, I am going to explain covid 19 vaccines. This is the covid 19 pandemic season so we should have a lite idea about the covid 19 vaccine. Sometimes you already vaccinate but this will be important to both vaccinate and non.

Who is involved in the covid-19
vaccine development?

The vaccine is a successful result of a huge sector, including private pharmaceutical firms teaming up with public health agencies or university labs. We can't explain all of them so some major characters are described here. 

• The United State aimed at developing an effective vaccine and manufacturing enough doses for all three hundred million Americans. Department of Health and Human Services, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the Department of Defense also join with that. 
• The European Union, world leaders, organizations, and banks pledged $8 billion for vaccine research.
• In China, the government closely monitors land efforts, and state-owned companies such as Sinofarm make up about two-fifths of the country's vaccine industry.
• The World Health Organization (WHO) and other multilateral institutions such as the World Bank are focused on financing and manufacturing COVID-19 vaccines for global use.
• Norway and India also invest to develop covid vaccines.
• The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the UK-based Wellcome Trust, and the World Economic Forum are other major characters.
• Many of the COVID-19 vaccine candidates have involved a university or college assisting in preclinical research or clinical trials. 
• The University of Oxford’s candidate, the research team to develop a covid vaccine.
• The Gates Foundation has been the leading nonprofit funding COVID-19 vaccine efforts.

Who are the leading COVID-19

vaccine developers?

Scientists were tried to develop a covid 19 vaccine until  December 2019 but, it wasn't an easy target. China, Russia, and the United States are mainly involved to achieve this target. 

• Pfizer and BioNTech Announced the world's-first high efficient Vaccine in November 2020. The first to receive emergency validation from WHO.
• The first human trial in the United States began in March 2020 by Moderna Inc.
• UK’s University of Oxford and British-Swedish company AstraZeneca is released cheaper and easier to store and transport than other vaccines.
• Beijing has approved four of its candidates, several of which are being used by other nations.
• Russia's has released the Sputnik V vaccine and Vector Institute's vaccine   
• Merck is engaged in research efforts for both the development of medicines and a vaccine for Covid-19.
• Johnson & Johnson company entered several smart collaborations with Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), and Emergent BioSolutions, Inc. to develop a vaccine and enter the U.S. market as the next vaccine.

  

Top 10 COVID-19 Vaccines

Pfizer-BioNTech

• The first covid 19 vaccine to receive emergency validation from WHO
• Efficacy- 95%
• Manufactured by- Pfizer and BioNTech 
• Country- United States, Germany
• Doses- 2
• Countries already using- Germany, United States, United Kingdom, Spain, Canada, Finland, Kuwait, Singapore, Switzerland, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Japan, and more.
• Price- Around $20 per dose
• It should be stored at temperatures between −80 and −60 °C. That is the main cause.
  
  

Moderna

• Efficacy- 95%
• Manufactured by- Moderna 
• Country- United States
• Doses- 2
• Countries already using- United States, United Kingdom, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, and more.
• Price- $30 to $40 per dose
• The vaccine will arrive frozen between -25°C and -15°C (-13°F and 5°F).
  
  

Oxford-AstraZeneca

• On February 15, the vaccine received an Emergency Use Listing designation from the World Health Organization
• Efficacy- 62%- 90%
• Manufactured by- UK’s University of Oxford and British-Swedish company AstraZeneca 
• Country- The United Kingdom and Sweden
• Doses- 2
• Countries already using- United Kingdom, Argentina, Pakistan, Taiwan, Australia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Mexico
• Price- $4 per dose
• It is stored at domestic fridge temperature (2-8 degrees C).
  
  

Sputnik v

• Efficacy- 92%
• Manufactured by- Gamaleya 
• Country- Russia
• Doses- 2
• Countries already using- Montenegro, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Russia, Belarus, Argentina, Bolivia, Serbia, Algeria, Palestine, Venezuela, Paraguay, Turkmenistan, Hungary, UAE, Iran, Tunisia, Armenia, Mexico, Lebanon, Pakistan, Mongolia, Bahrain and more
• Price- $10 per dose 
• It is stored at domestic fridge temperature
  
  

Novavax

• Efficacy- 89%
• Manufactured by- Novavax 
• Country- United States
• Doses- 2
• Countries already using- Not now.
• Price- $16 per dose
• Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine Demonstrates 89.3% Efficacy in UK Phase 3 Trial
• Approximately 90% of COVID-19 cases attributed to South Africa escape variant 
• It is stored at domestic fridge temperature (2-8 degrees C).
  
  

Johnson & Johnson

• Efficacy- 57%-85%
• Manufactured by- Johnson & Johnson 
• Country- United States
• Doses- 1
• Countries already using- Not now. soon in the United States
• Price- $10 per dose
• It can be stored at ordinary refrigerator temperatures for months
• This is a single-shot vaccine
  
  

Sinopharm (Beijing) BBIBP-CorV

• Efficacy- 79%
• Manufactured by- Sinopharm 
• Country- China
• Doses- 2
• Countries already using- Zimbabwe, China, United Arab Emirates, Turkey, Singapore, Malaysia, and the Philippine
• Price-  $13-$30 per dose
• It can be stored in a standard refrigerator at 2-8 degrees Celsius
  
  

CanSino

• Efficacy- 65%-66%
• Manufactured by- CanSino Biologics Inc. 
• Country- China
• Doses- 1
• Countries already using- China, Mexico, and Pakistan
• Price- $13-$30 per dose
• It is stored at domestic fridge temperature
• This is a single-shot vaccine
  
  

Covishield

• Efficacy- 70% ( not confirm)
• Manufactured by- Serum Institute
  
• Country- India
• Doses- 2
• Countries already using- Afghanistan, Argentina, Bahrain, Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Morocco, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa, and Sri Lanka
• Price- $4 per dose
• It is stored at domestic fridge temperature (2-8 degrees C).
• This vaccine is the same formulation as the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine
  
  

Sinovac

• Efficacy- 50%
• Manufactured by- Sinovac Biotech 
• Country- China
• Doses- 2
• Countries already using- Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Indonesia, Laos, Mexico, Turkey, Uruguay
• Price- $13-$30 per dose
• It can be stored in a standard refrigerator at 2-8 degrees Celsius
  
  
  More Details in Sinhala -  https://youtu.be/5Jy_ssrFiM8
  
  

In addition to those vaccines, EpiVacCorona is a Russian vaccine that is manufactured by Siberia’s Vector Institute, in November.

“According to results of the first and second phases of clinical trials, the immunological effectiveness of the EpiVacCorona vaccine is 100%.”

It was only used in Russia so that result would be changed in another country so I didn’t include it for my top 10. Sometimes it can be a perfect vaccine.

Can vaccines end the

pandemic?

Vaccination is the main treatment against the pandemic. There are lots of vaccines that are already manufactured. Other vaccines will come near future. So we can control this pandemic soon. But it won't an easy target. This is a world pandemic. Our world has a huge population amount. There are lots of vaccines need to vaccinate people around the world. Brazil, China, and India all have large vaccine industries but those facilities aren't enough to manufacture vaccines for the whole world.

On the other hand, wealthy countries including Australia, Canada, and the United States have struck deals with manufacturers to provide their countries with more than enough doses for their populations but lower-income countries unable to fulfill their requirements. ( They can use the COVAX facility but it has a limit )

Meanwhile, several new strains of the coronavirus are raising concerns among scientists and health officials about increased transmission, waning immunity in people already infected with COVID-19, and reduced effectiveness of vaccines that have already been developed. 

According to those things, Vaccines can't end this pandemic within one month or two months but they will do it soon definitely. You have a major part of it. If you can spend your daily life, following health rules and regulations, We can eliminate this pandemic soon.          

More details- http://gestyy.com/et3lMx